题目：IPPN webinar - 盐胁迫专场

报告人：Jasper Lamers (MSc) & Dr. Mariam S. Awlia

时间：9月18日(周五)20:00-21:00

直播平台：百博智慧直播间植物表型频道

报告人介绍：

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Jasper Lamers (MSc)：

Expert in plant sciences, image analysis, tranomics, Python and R.

Since 2018 PhD candidate in Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research

2017 Master in Molecular Life Sciences, Wageningen University & Research

2016-2017 Internship, Oxford University

2013-2014 Internship, The University of Sydney

Dr. Mariam S. Awlia：

Expert skills in plant science, plant genetics, science communication and big data analysis using the statistical program R.

Earned an all-inclusive scholarship by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) to obtain BSc, MSc and PhD degrees.

Experienced in conducting global and local collaborations across research facilities, such as in Saudi Arabia, Australia and Czech Republic.

Since 2019 Scientific editor, Centre of Excellence for Life Sciences Cactus Global Communications

Since 2019 Postdoc in Plant Science, University of Cape Town (UCT)

2018 PhD in Plant Science, KAUST

2013 Master in Plant Science, KAUST

报告内容：

Abstract(s):

1)

Plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment to which they have to adjust accordingly. Their response is tightly regulated by complex signaling pathways that all start with stimulus perception. Here, we give an overview of the latest developments in the perception of various abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, flooding, and temperature stress. We discuss whether proposed perception mechanisms are true sensors, which is well established for some abiotic factors but not yet fully elucidated for others. In addition, we review the downstream cellular responses, many of which are shared by various stresses but result in stress-specific physiological and developmental output. New sensing mechanisms have been identified, including heat sensing by the photoreceptor phytochrome B, salt sensing by glycosylinositol phosphorylceramide sphingolipids, and drought sensing by the specific calcium influx channel OSCA1. The simultaneous occurrence of multiple stress conditions shows characteristic downstream signaling signatures that were previously considered general signaling responses. The integration of sensing of multiple stress conditions and subsequent signaling responses is a promising venue for future research to improve the understanding of plant abiotic stress perception.

2)

Salt stress severely and rapidly reduces plant growth prior to shoot ion accumulation. The genetic components of this early response to salt stress are largely unknown. Using high-throughput non-destructive phenotyping with RGB and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, the early salt stress responses of 191 Arabidopsis accessions were screened within one hour after salt treatment and up to seven consecutive days, capturing traits related to rosette growth, shape, colour and photosynthetic activity. Multivariate analysis and machine learning models identified that photosynthetic activity in the light-adapted state (Fv´/Fm´) is a major determinant of plant performance during the early responses to salt stress, while dark-adapted maximum quantum yield (QY max) contributed to plant performance at a later stage. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified over one thousand associations specific to salt stress across 29 unique traits measured through time yielding a total of 438 traits. Two loci associated with QY max and Fv´/Fm´ were validated using T-DNA ion lines, where an unknown protein kinase was identified that seems to affect Fv´/Fm´ under salt stress, thereby reducing plant growth and performance under salinity. Our work demonstrates how the combination of high-throughput phenotyping, multivariate analysis and GWAS can lead to new insights in studying temporal stress responses, identifying associations among different traits, and identifying new genetic components of salinity tolerance.